The Red Queen effect refers to a situation where you have to keep on running just to maintain your position, like the state and society running fast to maintain the balance between them. In Carroll's book all that running was wasteful. Not so in the struggle of society against the Leviathan. If society slacks off and does not run fast enough to keep up with the state's growing power, the Shackled Leviathan can quickly turn into a despotic one. We need society's competition to keep the Leviathan in check, and the more powerful and capable the Leviathan is, the more powerful and vigilant society must become. We need the Leviathan to keep on running too, both to expand its capacity in the face of new and formidable chal- lenges and to maintain its autonomy, which is critical not only for resolving dis- putes and impartially enforcing laws but also for breaking down the cage of norms. This all sounds quite...
The removal of Bashar al-Assad from power would not stabilize the Middle East; instead, it could plunge the region into deeper chaos and serve the strategic interests of Israel and other external powers. Here’s how the situation might evolve, incorporating an international relations (IR) perspective: 1. Israel’s Strategic Gains and Long-Term Goals From an IR perspective, Israel’s actions would align with its offensive realist approach, aiming to maximize its security and regional dominance. Control over Golan Heights: By fully annexing the Golan Heights, Israel would secure its borders and gain access to vital water resources, further solidifying its territorial advantage. Weakening Hezbollah: Israel would exploit Syria's chaos to disrupt Hezbollah’s supply lines from Iran via Syria. With Hezbollah isolated, Israel could intensify its military actions in Lebanon. Pressure on Lebanon: Israel’s strikes on Hezbollah-controlled areas in Lebanon would highlight the Lebanese government’...